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Os cartões de crédito podem ser muito úteis em diversas situações de compra, como quando se faz uma viagem ao exterior ou uma compra pela internet. Apesar disso, eles têm sido causadores de problemas financeiros para muitas pessoas que não conseguem lidar com a administração dos juros desse produto.
Segundo dados do jornal o Globo, o juro do cartão de crédito pode chegar até 238% ao ano, no Brasil, variando entre 9% a 20% ao mês. A alta taxa favorece a elevada inadimplência dos usuários de cartão, tornando o pagamento mínimo um ciclo vicioso, já que saldar a dívida de um cartão apenas por essa forma de pagamento é muito improvável.
Para não cair nessas armadilhas, o importante é fazer bom uso do cartão, sempre fazendo as compras de acordo com seu limite de orçamento. Como no pagamento das dívidas, os juros são cobrados de forma capitalizada (juros sobre juros), o montante só tende a aumentar. Vale então, para o caso de pessoas que já estejam enfrentando esse problema, tentar fazer um acordo com a operadora, para pagamentos fixos e sem juros.
Outra opção, em casos mais graves, é pedir o cancelamento do cartão. Mesmo que haja saldo devedor, o consumidor não é obrigado a permanecer no contrato, podendo cancelá-lo e, assim, evitar fazer mais gastos.
Veja abaixo algumas dicas do Procon São Paulo sobre como lidar com os cartões de crédito!
Como deve o consumidor proceder ao receber fatura na qual não reconhece algum lançamento?
O consumidor deve entrar em contato imediatamente com a administradora de cartões e registrar reclamação, impugnando os lançamentos.
Qual o procedimento a ser adotado quando a administradora não estornar os lançamentos indevidos?
O consumidor deverá formalizar a reclamação em um órgão de defesa do consumidor, no Juizado Especial Cível (valores até 20 salários mínimos sem advogado e até 40 salários mínimo com advogado) ou na Justiça Comum.
Os juros incidem sobre o valor total da fatura, na opção de crédito rotativo?
No financiamento, os juros somente incidem sobre o saldo verificado entre o valor da fatura e o valor pago.
Exemplo:
- Valor para pagamento total até o dia 30: R$ 400,00
- Valor para pagamento mínimo: R$ 80,00
- Valor do saldo: R$ 320,00
Portanto, somente ao saldo de R$ 320,00 é que serão acrescidos os juros, em virtude de o consumidor ter optado por essa modalidade de pagamento.
A administradora é obrigada a parcelar o débito, nos casos em que o consumidor tenha dificuldades de pagamento?
A administradora não é obrigada a parcelar o débito. O valor lançado nas faturas após o vencimento e os encargos poderão ser cobrados a qualquer momento. Toda negociação da dívida implicará em novo ajuste entre as partes.
Quais são os encargos por atraso que podem incidir no cartão de crédito?
Multa moratória de 2%, juros de mora de 1% e taxa de refinanciamento.
Acompanhe a Dominus para saber mais sobre finanças pessoais, economia, contabilidade e auditoria: Facebook.com/DominusAuditoria | @DominusAuditori | Slideshare.net/DominusAuditoria.
Informações do Procon: Serasa Experian.
Com informações de: [1], [2], [3].