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Hoje em dia, o “dinheiro em plástico” tem tomado conta das carteiras da população, especialmente pela grande variedade de créditos ofertados pelas entidades financeiras. Mas, muito antes deles, os cheques atuam na praça oferecendo oportunidade de parcelamentos dentro de algumas condições.
O cheque exige uma série de cuidados e observações que o põe em desvantagem perante os cartões de crédito. A facilidade ofertada pelos cartões na hora de fechar a transição é enorme, uma vez que o cliente utiliza o dinheiro de terceiros ao invés de ter o valor disponível imediatamente em conta. Dessa forma, pode aplicar em outros rendimentos durante o intervalo de pagamento.
O cartão de crédito também não obriga o cliente a possuir uma conta no banco para que possa utilizá-lo, e é, de certa forma, mais seguro do que os meios mais convencionais de pagamento. Em caso de furtos e assaltos, uma simples ligação efetua o bloqueio do mesmo. Além disso, a inadimplência é coberta pelas operadoras, que tratam as dívidas diretamente com o cliente.
Já o cheque está diretamente ligado à conta de quem o emite e é preciso que haja em conta o valor estipulado na data do débito. Caso o cheque não possua fundo, podem ser acarretados problemas para o emissor. Ao ser analisado pelo banco, se o valor não estiver disposto na conta, o portador pode realizar um protesto pedindo o pagamento da dívida.
Neste caso, o emissor do cheque deve regularizar o protesto, ou será intimado judicialmente. Quando o portador do cheque fizer o registro de protesto, o emissor tem até três dias úteis para honrar a dívida, contados a partir do dia de protocolização do título. Normalmente, este prazo vem indicado na intimação. A data de protocolização é comprovada assim que a intimação for entregue, sendo assim, o devedor deve responder dentro do prazo para o protesto se o titulo é irregular, se foi pago ou aceito. Neste último o caso, o devedor deve pagar a dívida diretamente no Tabelionato competente.
Embora pareça mais complicado que o cartão de crédito, o cheque possui vantagens para o consumidor. Isso porque os comerciantes aumentam o preço dos produtos para manter a estrutura de crédito ofertada pelas operadoras. Sendo assim, a tarifa de 5% (média) para uso do serviço e o aluguel da máquina são embutidos na mercadoria, prejudicando também quem paga à vista, que acaba adquirindo o mesmo produto ou serviço por um valor mais alto.
Por causa desses valores, muitas empresas – em especial as de serviço – optam pelo cheque como uma alternativa de pagamento parcelado, que pode trazer benefícios para o consumidor na hora de somar os valores e juros.
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