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O imposto no Brasil data de muito tempo, ainda na época da coroa portuguesa. Em 1972, um herói da Inconfidência Mineira – Tiradentes – lutou na revolta contra a cobrança do quinto, que era feita de uma forma violenta em caso de atraso de pagamentos pelos cidadãos. A cobrança das pessoas e a busca pelos devedores eram uma espécie de auditoria dos tempos primórdios.
O quinto nada mais era que um imposto de 20% em cima do ouro que era produzido no país. Os mineiros que não possuíam condições de pagá-lo tinham os bens vendidos para quitar o débito. Na época de Tiradentes, era esse valor. Atualmente, o valor do imposto que pagamos pelos direitos civis fica na casa de 40%.
E para onde vão os impostos? Segundo a Receita Federal, é dever de todo cidadão pagar os impostos e saber para onde eles são empregados. Isso porque essa taxa é fundamental para o crescimento econômico e social do país. Depois de pago, ele vai para as mãos do Governo – que deve repassar aos estados e municípios para ser usado na administração.
Os recursos são – ou devem ser – usados em:
• saneamento e reurbanização;
• reforma agrária;
• recuperação e construção de estradas;
• infraestrutura do país;
• segurança pública;
• estímulo à pesquisa;
• saúde e educação;
• estímulo à cultura, esporte e defesa do meio ambiente.
É possível acompanhar o uso desses recursos no site Portal Brasil e também verificar o uso do dinheiro público no Portal da Transparência.
Além de pagar os impostos, é papel do cidadão também fazer a “auditoria” de como está sendo usado o dinheiro público. Só assim é possível garantir que a verba destinada ao auxílio da população seja usada devidamente e não de forma ilícita. Fique de olho!
Para mais notícias sobre auditoria interna e externa, contabilidade e finanças públicas, acompanhe também as nossas redes sociais: Facebook | Slideshare | Twitter.